The bluepages section of the bluebook addresses nonacademic citation. Rule correlations bluebook rules topics alwd rules b1 structure and use of citations, in general 34 b1. Cross reference other rules and tables when directed as you work through the rule. This is called an omission, and the bluebook rule for it is 5. Since the eighteenth edition, the bluebook has included internal quotation marks omitted among the parenthetical expressions listed in rule 5. Here you will find guidance and examples of citation formats that you will use when writing your memoranda, briefs, and other court documents. According to this rule, you should ask yourself whether the beginning. Note that the order of authorities within each signal must conform to rule 1.
Effective use of quotations by angela kershner, legal writing fellow, 2017 2018 reference to primary sources is important in all types of legal writing. Unlike the remainder of the bluebook, which is designed in a style and at a level of complexity commensurate with the needs of the law journal publication process, the bluepages provide easytocomprehend guidance for the everyday citation needs of firstyear law. The editors provide authoritative guidance to reasonable questions on subjects covered by the bluebook. In footnotes, signals may be used as the verbs of textual sentences. Rule correlations bluebook rules topics alwd rules b1 structure and use of citations, in general 34. For quotations of 49 words or less, the following formatting instructions should be followed. Department of commerce, national oceanic and atmospheric administration noaa department of commerce, patent and trademark office uspto department of education. Style and ordering rules bluebooking tips and resources.
Nested marks alternating between double and single quotations. Block that block quotation legible ut wordpress theme. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Rules 1019 rules for citing specific sources, including cases rule 10, constitutions rule 11, statutes rule 12, rules 15 books, rule 16 periodicals including. Study 256 bluebook rules 1 11 flashcards on studyblue. If your quotation ends your sentence, but is not the end of the sentence in. Start with the first section of the rule, and work you way through each subsection of the rule. Note that the period goes inside both the single and double quotation marks. If you have a shorter quotation youd like to highlight, you may set it off as a block if you wish. Pay attention to the spaces between the dots, these actually count for something in the bluebook. Home bluebooking guide libguides at seton hall law. When language quoted from a court decision contains material quoted from an earlier decision, the quotation may, for readability, be stripped of internal quotation marks, brackets, ellipses, internal citations, and footnote reference numbers. As a general rule, it is better when quoting to incorporate that quotation into a.
The following is a list of the unique formatting that is needed for block quotations. The following includes helpful tips for interpreting the bluebook and cmos rules regarding quotations. Are you going to strictly follow the bluebooks rule on length. Effective punctuation handout 1 columbia law school. Original quotation example 1 example 2 it is emphatically the province and the duty of the judicial department to say what the law is. Use single quotation marks for quotations within quotations. Bluebook rule number that explains how to punctuate and cite quotations within quotations. The following information regarding the bluebook citation format is an adapted version of the style and formatting guidelines found in the bluebook, 20th ed. If citing to a statute that is available on a commercial online service such as lexis or westlaw, provide the following. Section d does not contain stylistic preferences so much as helpful interpretations.
Bluebooking for court documents guide to legal writing. That is the bluebook rule addressing the broader question of how to signal any number of alterations a writer might make to a quoted passage. The current edition of the bluebook retains the same basic approach to legal citation established by its predecessors. The most useful answers are gathered here as blue tips, classified by subject. In journals and books, block quotations are commonly set in a smaller typeset. Blue pages this guide covers the bluebooks white pages, which provide citation rules for academic papers. The following information regarding the bluebook citation format is an adapted. California used to require use of the california style manual.
Include material that would otherwise be included in parenthetical explanations as part of the sentence itself, and do not italicize the signals. In 2008, the california supreme court issued a rule giving an option of using either the california style manual or. However, if the parenthetical explanation consists entirely of a quotation of one or more full sentences or part of a sentence that reads as a full sentence then the following rules. Check the bluebook for the rules on quotations they are pretty straightforward rule 5.
Bluebook online username and password accessable here. The yale law journal volume 123 style sheet the yale law journal follows the bluebook. Quotation incorporation chicagokent college of law. Follow the rules below step by step to create a full citation. Topics include quotes, block quotes, alterations to quotes, and omissions from quotes. This part outlines where vlr conventions depart from the bluebook, adds additional rules, and seeks to clarify some of the more obscure bluebook rules. Try to avoid using block quotes of 50 words or longer. Basic layout bluebook 101 library guides at university of. For a more indepth discussion of this issue, see, for example. But i say you can treat that rule as a recommendation, not binding authority. The bluebook signals the importance of quotations in legal writing by devoting rule 5a fullblown, toplevel, no. Remember, in legal citation versus is always abbreviated to v. Bluebook punctuationgeneral rules rules 2, 6, 8, 5 15 terms. Parentheticals often include quotations from the cited source, and in general rule 1.
For quotations of 50 words or more the following formatting instructions should be followed. The bluebook addresses two types of typeface conventions one for text and one for citations. Bluebook rules 1 11 legal studies bluebook with none. Bluebooking for court documents guide to legal writing and. For the rare situations in which neither of these works covers a particular stylistic matter, we. But i say you can treat that rule as a recommendation, not. String citations in textual sentences in footnotes the bluebook does not specify how to handle parts of a string citation that are grammatically integrated. Bluebook lesson 6 quotations according to bluebook youtube. If the article is written by a student author, the designation of the piece see r. Bluebook citation for llm students bluebook citation for. General rules covering structure and use of citations rule 1, typefaces rule 2, subdivisions rule 3, short forms rule 4, quotations rule 5, and capitalization rule 8. Dont startend the quote with quotation marks any internal quotes should be double quotes only indent the quote if the quote itself is the beginning. No internal quotation marks are necessary if the portion of the firstorder material you are quoting does not contain any quotation marks i.
Signals of the same basic type supportive, comparative, contradictory, or background rule 1. The whitepages rules for case citations are under r10, starting on page 87 of your bluebook. The bluebook requires you to cite to the official code if it is available. Some citation forms have been expanded, elaborated upon, or mod. If there is no author, you should begin the citation with the title. If there is a subsequent history or related authority component to the citation, place these after the parentheticals in the citation sentence. Marshall declared that making pronouncements of law is the duty.
The indigo book was compiled by a team of students at the new york university school of law, working under the direction of professor christopher jon sprigman. This part outlines where vlr conventions depart from the bluebook, adds additional rules, and. The guide does state that unless explicitly specified otherwise, the bluebook rule takes precedence in the event of conflict. Indent the first line of a block quotation when quoting the entire text. Any internal quotes should be double quotes only indent the quote if the quote itself is the beginning of a paragraph if the quote is in the body of the text, the footnote number goes at the end if the quote is in the footnotes, the citation goes on the line following the quote but is not indented. Bluebook rule b12 requires the publication date of the print or an authenticated electronic edition in the parenthetical. Internal crossreferences are used to cite to text and notes within the same work. Hat tip to eva resnicow, aka editrix lex, who brought this bluebook change to my attention since the eighteenth edition, the bluebook has included internal quotation marks omitted among the parenthetical expressions listed in rule 5. In a town outside brisbane, i saw tourists go home written on a wall. What is the bluebook abbreviation for fidelity corporation as part of the case name in a citation. The bluebook also has citation rules for legal memoranda and other practiceoriented materials the blue pages, which students in lrwa2. In lawyers briefs, these are usually single spaced, unlike the rest of the text. The layout of the bluebook has been updated to make the information easier to access. Ellipses in quotation if you are quoting a source and choose to remove one or more words from the middle of the quotation, you should indicate that with a space and then three dots separated by spaces.
Sometimes when youre quoting a case or other source, you want to leave out some words. If you need to cite a source that is quoted or cited in a source provided in the packet, follow this format. For example block quote with the addition of brackets and ellipsis. However, appendix b to the appellate rules requires citations to.
Internal crossreferences may point the reader to specific pages, designate parts and sections, paragraphs, or footnotes, as well as figures, charts, and graphs. These tips are searchable and linked to the bluebook content they address. The proper bluebook citation for nonconsecutively paginated journals and magazines is. For more than eighty years, the bluebook has provided authoritative guidance to legal citation for american students, professionals, and scholars. However, if the parenthetical explanation consists entirely of a quotation of one or more.
Make sure that you quote exactlythe editors will be checking. According to this rule, you should ask yourself whether the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence is being omitted. Remember that any direct quote of 50 words or more should be offset from the text as a block quote. The rules for specific types of documents often also include a section on how to cite the online version. Should be singlespaced, indented on both sides, justified, and without quotation marks.
The indigo book isnt the same as the bluebook, but it does implement the same uniform system of citation that the bluebook does. Basic layout bluebook 101 library guides at university. Jul 25, 2011 remember that any direct quote of 50 words or more should be offset from the text as a block quote. Block quotations citations academic guides at walden. Parentheticals bluebook citation libguides at florida.
1449 1459 1190 1173 1117 1264 151 550 643 589 957 296 921 780 554 640 847 82 928 1375 933 496 149 1296 51 981 96 333 509 50 263 1434 864 1279 795 1481 1067